Electromagnetically operated track switch for toy railroads



July 25, 1933. M. cARuso 1,919,272

ELECTROIAGNETICALLY OPERATED TRACK SWITCH FOR TOY RAIL-ROADS Filed March 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l gllllli f' Mario C'aruzso, v

ATTORNEY July 25, CARUSQ E'LECTROMAGNETICALLY OPERATED TRACK SWITCH FOR TOY RAILROADS Filed March 5, 1927 ZSheets-Sheet 2 mvsmoa M aria Caruso I i I BY 4d ATTORNEY Patented July 25, 1933 unirao STATES PATENT OF MARIO CARUSO, F mvmsron, NEw JERSEY, AssIGnoR r0 THE Lrom'conrom- TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW IYORK l ELEcTRonAeNE'rIcaLLY OPERATED rmdxswrrcx or. m minimum '1 Application filed March.

:The present invention relates to electroinagnetically operated traclrswitches for toy railroads and is more particularly directed to a combined track switch and slgnal tower simultaneously operated by magnets.

Whenever one desires to provide a toy railroad layout with turn outs, side tracks, or crossovers, some form of track switch is required. These track switches are frequently employed in pairs, a right and left switch being provided to guide the train as desired. The present invention contemplates an electromagnetically operated track switch which may be remotel controlled from a convenient electric switc placed for example in a switch tower, thereby avoiding the inconvenience of manually settlng the track: switches. If desired, the pair. of switches may be connected to a single electric switch to insure the proper setting of both track switches. 1

The invention also contemplates the provision of a toy railroad track switch having an electroniagnetically operated shift bar for actuating the switch tongue with a latch 01' other device which is adapted to interengage with the shift bar to hold the shift bar and switch tongue immovable in the extreme positions to which they have been set by the magnets, the devic being so arranged that the latch or other device is automatically disengaged from the shift bar whenever it is desired to shift the switchtongue to the other position. The use of such a device permits disconnecting the magnet coils after 'the track switch is set.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an actuating unit for toy track switches and signals which can be completely assembled and subsequently attached toth'e" track switch section. The present invention contemplates making up a small and compact unit of this natureout of a number of ruggedstamped parts designed so that the unit may be assembled readily and so that the moving parts are totally inclosed to protect them from damage. I

, Other and further objects of the invention will appear as the description proceeds.

The prescnt application is filed as a con- 1 lines 66 of Figures 1 and 4; and

1927. Serial 1%. 172367.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the switch tower and actuating unit for the movable switch tongue;

Figure 3 is a top pla view of the unit showninFigure 2,parts eing brokenaway;'

Figures is a sectional view on the line 44 of Figure 3; v 3

Figure 5 is an inverted plan view of the unit, the bottom plate being omitted and the coils being broken away;

F1gure 6 1s a sectional view taken on the Figure 7 is a wiringdiagram." 1 1 In these drawings a preferred embodiment of a track switch section is illustrated, to-

gether with an electromagneticoperatingdc: vice for the track switch. The track construction shown in Figure 11s"described in detail and claimed in my co-pending application for Toy railroad track construction filed March 4, 1927, Serial Number 172,777, now Patent No. 1,7 01,947.; This track switch section has a main-line A and a branch line B and-is provided with suitable. fixed wheel bearing rails 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 together with a movable switch tongue 16 having guid ing rails 16/! and 16?) anglpivotedat 16' for guiding the toy train through the main line A or'ontothe branch line B. It is also providedwith a continuous third rail 17 for I supplying current through the track section.

The rails and switch tongue are mounted on a rail support 18 preferably made of sheet metal and having an extens on 19 for supporting the actuating unit of the switch oper-' atin'g mechanism, the extension having a rectangularly shaped aperture 20 to receive the same.

Figure 1 is atop; plan view of a track 1 switch for toy electric railroads;

.33 to receive the end members 23 and This actuating unit C shown in detail in Figures 2 and 6, inclusive, is adapted to be mounted in the aperture 20 in the base of the track switch. The operating parts of this'unit are inclosed in and supported by an inclosing housing or casing here shown in the form of a generally rectangular box.

.The housing is made up of a top plate 21, a bottom plate 22 and two end members 23' and 24. The upper plate 21 has downwardly V lower stamping areshallower than the sidewalls of the upper stamping. The ends of the upper and lower plates and the side edges of these plates (beyond the side walls 25, 26, 29 and 30) .are bent inwardly as indicated at These end members are in the form of sheet metal stampingshaving narrow flanges which overlie the inwardly bent edges 33. of the upper and lower plates.

These end members are also provided with inwardly bent sides 35 which extend over to the-outer edges of the side walls 25, 26, 29 and 30, and prongs 36 engage. inside these side walls. The stampings 21, 22, 23 and 24 which make up this housing are preferably so constructed that the entire housing may be held together by the friction between the end plates and the top and bottom plates.

A pair of magnet coils Q0 and 41 aremounted on anon-magnetic tube 42 and this tube is mounted on cross pieces 43 and 44 preferably made of insulating material. These insulating supports preferably have reduced ends which project through holes in the upper plate as indicated at 45 (see Figures 2 and 3). Each of these insulating supports preferably has a reduced end 46 to pass through a comparatively large slot in the lower plate 21. They are also provided with small holes 4.7 to .receive wires from the coils 11 and42. These wires may be passed through the holes and wound aboutthe adjacent part of the insulating cross piece to provide a suitable place for soldering the lead wires. ,The coils 41 and .42 may be grounded to the frame by fastening the exposed wires under .ascrew indicated by number 48;

The upper plate is provided with down-. wardly bent prongs 49 which guide an actuating or shift bar 50. As shown, this shift bar is larger at the inner end 51 and is pro-' vided with rack teeth 52 for the purpose to be described. The shift bar is oil'set at 53 and made narrow as indicated at 54:. It then extends out through a hole or aperture '21 of the housing by pro 55 in the end member 24 and is bent downwardly as indicated at 56 to come below the level of the rail supporting stamping 18.

The stamping has an opening 56 to acconiand 41. This plunger is connected witha strap 61 having an elongatedslot 62 into which a pin 63 carried by the shift bar-50 projects. The strap .61 extends beyond the slot 62 and passes through a hole 64.- in the portion 56 of-the actuating or shiftbar. It then extends outwardly along the upper surit'ace ofthe portion 57 of the shift bar as in dicated at 65. This overlying portion of the'strap, connected withthe plunger, is. provided with spacedpcams 66 and. 67. A latch or catch member 68 is pivoted on lugs 69 and 70 struck outwardly from the end member 24'. This latch is upwardly bent at its free end as. indicated at 71 and isprovided with a hole 72 through which the actuating shift'bar 57 and the-extension 65 from the plunger are allowed to pass. The shift bar 57 is providedwith pairs of spaced notches 78 and 741 into which theupwardly bent part 71 of the latch may drop. A spring? 5 is provided to hold the latchdown.

The signal above referred to is mounted on the upper side of the upper plate 31. As

here indicated, this signal has an outer pyra-' mid shaped base 80 made out of a sheet metal stamping. It is fastened to the upper plate 81- passing through holes 82 in the npp is further held in place by n w ard 1y bent cars 83 in thetop plate and by projections- 84 which pass through holes in the top plate. A gear wheel 85 in mesh with the rack 52 on the actuating bar 50 is rotatably carried 85 is-squared as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 5 and engages a similarly shaped deate 21 and pression 87 in the foot 88 of a stamping 89 carried inside the signal base 80. A screw 90 fastens the gear member to the stamping 89 and fastens these'two parts tothe top stamping 81 of the housing. The stamping 89 is bent inwardly as indicated at91' andv then is provided with two upwardly extending cars 92 and 93 which. are bent inwardly as indicated at 94. and reduced at their upper ends as indicated at 95 to provide prongs. A screw threaded lamp socket shell 96 is carried between the arms of the upper end of the stamping 89 and is fastened to this stamping by riveting over a portion of the formed'by the rivet 97 through an insulating washer 99 and is connected to acenter contact 100. The prongs 95 on'the upper end of the stamping 89 are folded over onto the stamping'lOl tofasten the two stampings 89 and 101 together. The stamping 101 supports the cap 102 carrying the trans a-rencies 103' and 104, and a lamp 105 is place in the socket.

In the wiring diagram of Figure 7, two track switches and switch actuating mechanisms together with interconnected ,wiring for controlling the switches from a common point are shown. Two main lines are diagrammatically indicatedat A and A', while the branch line is indicated by the letter B in the form of a cross over. The movable switch tongues 16 and stationary rails a're'arranged to control train movements through either of the main lines or onto or oil from the branch line B. A controlswitch D has one terminal 110 connected by a wire 110 with the third rail 17 at any convenient point. A movable switch arm 111 is arranged to conduct the current to one ortheother same two fixed contacts 112 and113. This switch arm is preferably under the control of coiled springs 114 and 115 set opposite one another and arran edto normally hold the switch arm in mi -position and out of contact with the terminals 112and'113. The contact 112 grounded as heretofore indicated by means of the screws 48. The signal lamp"105fis"preferably connected to thethird rail by means of the wire 98 above referred to, which may.

be soldered to the third rail of thetrack switch unit, and is grounded through" the socket shell 96. t

Whenever the control circuit of the magnet coil is energized to shift the armatureof the ma et, it will be obvious that the armature wil first move the strap 61 connected to it. During this movement the one or the other of the cams 66 or 67 will engage the. latch '68 and 'rai'seit out of the notches (73'or in which it lies. After thearmature has moved sufficiently to take up the lost motion connection provided by the pin 63 andslot 62,.the plunger will then carry the shift bar 50 along with it. This motion of the shift bar will be communicated out to the switch tongue 16 and will move it from the full line or dotted line position as shown in Figure 1 or vice versa. The engagement of the wheel guiding rails 160 or 16?) on the switch tongue with the fixed rails 10 and 11 of the trackswitch, willlimit the movement of the switch tongue. 1 The notches 73 and 74 are so spaced that whenever the switch tongue is in either of its extreme positions, one or the other of these notches is opposite the movable latch 68, and the cams 66and 67 are so spaced' that they do not interfere with the catch dropping into place in the notches in"the shift bar. ,This latch therefore locks the shift bar sothat it cannotvibrate out of place and securely holds the switch tongue into the posititni in whichit has been moved. It is not necessary to maintain current in the coil At the same time that the'bar 50 has'bee'n operating the switch, has also turned the signal a quarter revolution. This 'isfon'acstamping 89 about avertical axis. In turning this stamping the socket 96, lamp 105 and signal head 102have been turned as a unit. In order that one may release theshift bar and set the switch manually, the upperend 71 of the latch 68'passe's through a slot 71 the stamping 18. This [makes thelatch acplate 21 in an obvious manner. The actuat-v ing bar'50 is thenslid into position underneath theprongs 49 and the gear 85 attached. 7 i

The magnet unitincluding the coils and the two insulatingend members and armat lggfl are placed in position and thewires are-boner nected. Then the endmem'bers are snapped in position to lock'the housing and parts toether. LTh'e unit may-theube tested. The

' ousing may'be passed upwardly through the hole 20 inthestamping 18 andtobring it to the position indicated in Figure 1 .where upon, it may befastened in place by-screws.

12O which are threaded' into holes infthe flanges 31 and 32. .lThe shift bar57v is'then connected with the switch tongue. 1 v

It is obvious that the invention may be embodied in 'many" forms and constructions, and I wish it to be understood that the particular form shown is but one of the many forms. various'modifications and changes being possible, I do 'not limitmyself in any way with respect thereto. What is claimedfisz' v I 1. Incoinbination, a unitary track switch section fortoy electric railroads hjavinglfiked wheel bearing rails and a movable switch tongue for controlling the movement of a to train through the main line vor onto a branci and a latch, the latch and shift. bar having 'interengaging portions to hold the shift bar and switch tongue immovable in their ex treme positions.

count of the engagement ofthe rack and? pinion 52 and and the turning of the,

extreme positions. and electro-niagnctically' operated devices carried by the track section to one side of the tongue fol-first releasing the latch and then moving the shift bar to its other-extreme position.

3. In a track switch for toy electric railroads, the combination with fixed wheel bear ing rails and a movable switch tongue for controlling the movement of a top 1 train through the main line or onto a branch line, of electromagnetically controlled switch tongue actuating means, and a locking device to prevent shifting of the switch tongue exceptupon energization of the switch actuating means to shift the switch tongue, said liwking device being manually accessible to permit setting the switch manually and locking it in set position. i

4. In a track switch for toy electric railroads, in combination, fixed wheel bearing rails and a movable switch tongue'for controlling the passage of a toy train through the main line or onto a branch line, a support for the rails and switch tongue, said support having a lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, the extension having an opening. a housing having cover members above and ,below the opening and fastened to the extension, magnet coils supported between the cover members, a shift bar connected to the switch tongue and guided in one of the cover members, an armature in the coils, and con nections between the armature and shift bar'..

5. In a track switch for toy electric railroads, in combination, fixedwheel bearing rails and a movable switch tongue for con trolling the passage of a toy train through the mainline or onto a branch line, a support for the rails and switch tongue, said support having a lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, the extension having an opening, a housing having cover members above and below the opening and fastened tothe'e'xtension, ,magnet coils supported between the cover members, a shift bar connected to the switch tongueand guided in one of the cover members, an armature in the coils, connections between the armature and shift bar, and end members carried by the cover mem-' bars for completing an inclosing housing for the magnet coils, one end member being aper tured to accommodate the shift bar. i

6. In a combined switch and signal for toy electric railroads, a track switch having a movable switch tongue, a base having an apertured lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, a plate supported above the aperture,'a signal tower above the plate, an

oscillatory signal on top of the tower, a pinthe signal.

7. In a combined switch and signal for toy electric railroads, a track switch having a movable switch tongue, a base having an apertured lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, a plate supported above the aperture, a'signal tower above the plate, an

(oscillatory signal on top of the tower, a pinion connected to the signal, a reciprocatory member underneath the plate having a rack in mesh with the pinion, the member extending downwardly to pass through the aperture in the extensionand being connected underneath the base to the switchtongue to simultaneouslyshift the switch tongue and the signal, magnet coils,and a plunger in the coilsconnected with the bar for shifting it back and forth. I

S. In a combined switch and signal for toy electric railroads, a track switch having a movable switch tongue, a base having an apertured lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, a plate supportedabove the aperture, a signal tower above the plate, an oscillatory signal on top of the tower, a pinion connected to the signal, a reciprocatory member underneath the plate having arack in mesh'with the pinion, the member extending downwardly to pass through the aperture in theextension and being connected underneath the base to theswitch tongue to simultaneo'usly shift the switch tongue and the signal, coil supporting members extending downwardly from the plate, magnet coils coils connected with the reciprocatory member forshifting it back and forth, and a bot tom plate fastened to the upper plate.

9;: combined track switch and signalfor toy electric railroads, comprising; fixed wheelibearing rails and-a movable switch tonguefor controlling the movement of a-toy train through the main line or onto the branch line; a. support for the rails and switch tongue, said support having a lateral extension adjacent the switch tongue, the extension havin an opening; a housing, said housing inclu ing a top plate having depending side walls shorter than the plate and provided with outwardly extending flanges, a

supported in saidvmembers, a plunger in the e bottom plate having flanges corresponding with the flanges on theupper plate,and end members frictionally engaging. the ends of the top and bot-tom plates to hold them together, the housing fitting into the opening in the extension on the rai support and having its flanges fastened to the rail support; a signal tower carried on the upper plate; a movable signal on the signal tower, magnet coils sup )orted between the upper and lower plates 0 the housing; a shift bar slidably mounted in the housing and operably connected to the movable signal, the shift bar extending underneath the rail support and being coupled to the switch tongue; a plunger in the ma net coils; a lost, motion connection between tie plunger and shift ba r for actuating the bar and connected signal aiid sw itch tongue; a pivoted latch engageable with the shi and cam means actuated by the plunger for disengaging the latch during the take up of the lost motion connection.

' 10. An actuating device for track switches for toy electric railroads comprising; 7 a housing, said housin including a top plate having depending si e walls shorter than the plate and provided with outwardly extending flanges, a bottom plate having flanges corresponding with the flanges on the upper plate, and end members frictionally engaging the ends of the plates for holding the plates together; magnet coils supported on distance ieces extending between the plates; a shift Ear slidably mounted in one of the plates and extending out through an opening'in one of the end pieces; a plunger in the coils; and

a connection between the plunger and shift bar for actuating the bar.

11 An actuating device for track switches for toy electric railroads comprising; a housing', said housing including atop plate having depending side walls shorter than the plate and provided with outwardly extending flanges, a bottom plate having flanges corresponding with the flanges on the upper plate, and end members frictionally engaging the ends of the plates for holding the slates together; magnet coils supported on istance pieces extending between the plates; a shift bar slidablv mounted in one of the plates and extending out through an opening in one of the end pieces; a plunger in the coils; a connection between the plunger and shift bar for actuating the bar: a pivoted latch engageable with the shift bar to lock it in its extreme position; and means for disengaging the latch when the magnet coil is energized to shift the bar.

12. An actuating device for track' switches for toy electric railroads comprising: a housing, said housing including a top plate having depending sidewalls shorter than the plate and provided with outwardlyoxtending flanges, a bottom plate having flanges corresponding with the flanges on the upper plate, and end members frictionally engaging the ends of the plates for holding the plates 1; bar to lock it in its extreme position;

plates oted latch engageable with the shift bar to lock it in its extreme position; and means for disengaging the latch when the magnet coil is energized to shift the bar.

13. An actuating device for track switches and signals for toy electric railroads, comprising; a housing, said housing includinga top plate having de nding sidewalls shorter than the plateau provided, with outwardl? extending flanges, a bottom plate having anges corresponding with the flanges on the upper plate, and end members frictionally engaging the ends of the plates for holding the plates together; a signal rotatably carried on top of the upper plate; ma et coils supported on distance pieces exten ing between the plates; a shift baroperably connected with the signal slidably mounted in the upper plate and extending out through an opening in one of the end pieces; a plunger in'the coils; and a connectionbetween the plunger and shift bar for actuating the bar.

14. In an actuating device for track switches for toy electric railroads, a normal- 1y horizontal switch operating. shift bar having the switch operating end ofi'set below the raised other end which slidably supports the bar, there being a hole in the portion between the upper and lower portion of the shift bar, a reciprocable armatureunder the supporting end of the shift bar, an extension from the armature passing through the hole in the shift bar, the extension being above the lower end of the shift bar, a lost motion operating connection between the armature and shift bar, and a latch'engageable with the shift bar to lock it in its extreme positions, the extension on the armature having cams to raise the latch during the take ,up'

of the lost motionconnection.

15. An actuating device for track switches for toy electric railroads, comprising, a housing, a shift bar having its inner end slidably mounted in the upper partpf the housing, I. pair of magnet coils supported underneath the inner end of the .shift bar, an armature in the coils, the outer portion of theshift bar being depressed below the axis of the coils, an extension from the plunger passing through a hole in the shift bar and overlying the outer end thereof, a lost motion connection between the extension and the shift bar, a pivoted latch engageable with the shift bar to lock it in either extreme position, and

cams on the extension for releasing the latch during the take up of the lost motion conan electric toy railroad track switch, or the like, comprising a top plate having depending'side walls shorter than the plate and provided with outwardly extending flanges,

a bottom late having flanges corresponding with the anges in the upper plates, and end members having'flanges overlying the edges of the top and bottom plates at the ends thereof for preventing the plates from separatmg.

17 A housing for the actuating device for an electric toy railroad track switch, or the like, comprising a top plate having depend-' rating, the end members also having prongs to engage inside the depending side walls of the other plate. a I

18. An actuating device for track switches for toy electric railroads, comprising an upper and lower plate, a member reciprocably carried underneath the upper plate, a'pair ofmagnet coils fixedly supported from the upper plate and placed underneath the reciprocatory member, a plunger extending outwardly from the coils and connected with the reciprocable member, and a switch tongue operated device connected to the reciprocable member to be moved back and forth simultaneously therewith.

19.-In a combined switch and signal for toy electric railroads, a track switch having a movable switch tongue, .a signal having a' lamp, a pinion for actuating the signal, a reciprocable bar having a rack at one end cooperating with the pinion and connected at the other end to the switch tongue, magnet coils and a reciprocable plunger carried in the coils connected to the bar to actuate it back and forth and thereby sin'iultaneously set the signal and switch.

20. In a toy railroad signal tower, a stamping having a supporting base or foot, a vertical portion, an upper horizontal portion, upwardly projecting arms from the horizontal portion, a lamp socket shell between the arms and attached to the horizontal portion tion for guiding a toy train from one to the I other of said tracks, said means including a switch tongue, a reciprocatory shift bar, an electro-magnetically operated mechanism fixedly supported on the track adjacent the point Where the rails branch, said mechaanda semaphore mounted directly over andoperated by said mechanism for signaling the sett ing of the switch, said semaphore including electric lighting means. I

23. In a toy .electric'railroad,'a toy track sectionvhaving amain track and a branch track, switch means carried on the section for guiding a toy train from one to the other of said tracks, said means including solenoid magnets, an armature plunger mounted within said magnets and a shift; bar coupled to said plunger-for actuating the switch, and a semaphore mounted'over and operated by said magnets to signal the setting of the switch.

I 24. In a toy electric railroad, a toy track section having a main tra'ckfand a branch track, switch means carried on the section for guiding a toy train from one to the other of said tracks, said means including solenoid magnets, an armature plunger mounted within said magnets and a shift bar coupled to said plunger for actuating the switch, a revoluble semaphore mounted over and operated by said magnets, and electric lighting means in said semaphore for signaling the setting of theswitch l v a 25. In a toy electric railwayaa section of toy railroad track having aitrackwswitch, a track switch actuating device 'comprising a pair of solenoid magnets arranged tandem in a horizontal plane and supported in said track section, an armature plunger mounted to reciprocate through saidmagnets, a shift bar actuated by said plunger, rotatable members vertically mounted over the magnets and operated by'said shift bar and a semaphore carried by said members for indicating the position of the plunger in the magnets.

' 26. In a toy electric railway,a section of toy railroad track having a track switch, a track switch actuating device comprising a pair of solenoid magnets arranged in tandem in a horizontal plane and supported in said track section, an armature plungermounted to reciprocate through said-magnets, a shift bar actuated by'said plunger, rotatable members vertically mounted over said shift bar and coupled to said shift bar, and an electrically lighted semaphore carried by saidmembers for indicating the relative position of the arm with respect to the magnets.

27. In a toy electric railway, a section of toy railroad track having a track switch, a

track switch actuating device comprisin a pair of solenoid magnets arranged in tanc em and supported on said track section, an armature plunger mounted to reciprocate through said magnets, a shift bar actuated by said plunger, and a semaphore rotatably mounted over said magnets for operation by said bar.

28. In a toy electric railway, asection of toy railroad track having a track switch, a track switch actuating device comprising a pair of solenoid magnets arranged in tandem and supported on said track section, an armature plunger mounted to reciprocate through said magnets, a shift bar actuated by said plunger, a semaphore rotatably mounted over said magnets, and a rack and pinion driving connection for operating said semaphore by said bar.

29. In a toy electric railroad having a section of toy railroad track having a main track and a branch track, switch means for guiding a toy train from one to the other of said tracks, said means including a casing, an electrically operated switch actuatingdevice in said casing, and an electrically lighted semaphore mounted on said casing and operated by said device. a

30. In a toy electric railroad having a section of toy railroad track having a main track and a branch track, switch means for guiding a toy train fror'n'one' to the other of said tracks, said means including a casing, an electrically operated switch actuating device in said casing, a tower mounted on said casin and a revoluble semaphore supported 7 on said tower and operated by said device. i 31 A device of the class described comrising a movable signal, a trackswitch having a movable switch point, common electromagnet1c operatlng means, a lost motion connection between said operating means and 1 of a main track and abranch track and a switch member therefor, a switch stand arranged atone side of said main track, a 'pair'of oppositely wound solenoids in said switch stand, a common armature movable 1n the solenoids, means connecting the armature with the switch member, a shaft mounted in said switch stand, a target on said shaft, a gear on said shaft, a bar having a spring pressed latch carried by said base and adapte to engage and hold said bar against movement, a common operating means for saidlatch and bar, carriedby said base, and an operating connection between said last named means and said latch, said operating connection being located beneath said base.

35. A toy railway switch having a switch member adapted to be moved to either of two operativepositions, a'slidable reciproeating bar for moving said member, said bar having two spaced notches, a locking device" cooperative with the notches in the bar for holding the bar in either of its extreme positions, aslidable member forreleasing said locking device, and reciprocating operating meansmovable. in either of two directions first to slide said last named memberto release sald locking means and subsequently "to move said bar.

36. IA toyrailway switch having a switch member adapted to be moved to either of member, said bar having two spaced notches, a locking device cooperative witla the notches in the bar for holding the bar in either of its extreme positions, asecond member 'slidable in the same said direction for releasing said locking device and operating means movable in either of two directlons, first to slide said second member and release said locking devlce, and, subsequently to move said bar.

37. In a toy railway switch, 'a-bas'e, a switch member on said base, a slidable reciprocating bar carried on the upper side of said base, a spring pressedn'locking pawl for said bar, a slidable bar carried on the under side of said'base for releasing said pawl, opcrating means carried on said base and extending therethrou-gh, and operable first to slide said last named banto release saidpawl and subsequentlytofmove said first named bar. I

MARIO CARUSO.

two operative positions, a bar slidable in the direction of its length for moving said 

